This species possesses a high environmental and ecological importance ( Guzmán-Álvarez, 2016). Holm oak ( Quercus ilex L.) is the dominant species in Mediterranean basin forests and also in the long-established agrosilvopastoral oak open woodlands called dehesas in Spain and montados in Portugal ( Ruiz de la Torre, 2006 Camilo-Alves et al., 2013). ilex, namely, aldehyde dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, 50S ribosomal protein L5, and α-1,4-glucan-protein synthase. The following variable proteins are proposed as putative markers for resilience in Q. Although no treatment-specific response was observed in any functional group, differences in abundance were especially marked under the combined stresses. While photosynthetic proteins were mainly downaccumulated, those of stress-responsive were upaccumulated. Variable proteins belonged to 16 different functional groups, the best represented among which were protein folding, sorting and degradation, carbohydrate, amino acid, and secondary metabolism, photosynthesis, and ROS scavenging. The Se and Al populations exhibited changes in protein profile in response to the different treatments, with 83 variable proteins in the former population and 223 in the latter. Biochemical and proteomic analyses of undamaged seedlings from the two most markedly contrasting populations (Se and Al) revealed the absence of significant differences in the contents in photosynthetic pigments, amino acids, and phenolics among treatments. The decrease in leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic activity, and stomatal conductance observed in undamaged seedlings was greater in the presence of both stresses, the three populations responding similarly to drought and P. Resilient individuals were found in all the populations at different percentages. Whereas, seedling damage (leaf chlorosis and necrosis) and mortality were greater under the combined stresses in the three populations, the effect of each individual stress was population-dependent. cinnamomi and drought from morphological, physiological, biochemical, and proteomics data. In this study, we studied the effect and response of 8-month seedlings from three contrasting Andalusian populations (Seville, Granada, and Almeria ) to the individual and combined stresses of P. cinnamomi and drought) have been examined already, little is known at the molecular level.
Although the morphological and physiological responses of Q. is the dominant species in the Mediterranean forest and agrosilvopastoral ecosystem “ dehesa.” Currently, this forest species is threatened by natural and anthropogenic agents, especially by the decline syndrome, which is caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi and drought periods. 2Evaluation and Restoration of Agronomic and Forest Systems ERSAF, Department of Forest Engineering, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.1Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry, Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.Navarro-Cerrillo 2, Marta Tienda-Parrilla 1, Jesús V. Bonoso San-Eufrasio 1, María Ángeles Castillejo 1, Mónica Labella-Ortega 1, Francisco J.
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